The mammals of Iberia vary from the better known Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) to the last remaining numbers of the endangered Wolf (Canis lupus signatus) and Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) and further to the little known semi aquatic Pyrenean Desman (Galemys pyrenaicus).

There are well over 100 species of mammals in Iberia from the tiny shrews to enormous whales. There are species that live in high mountain zones such as Chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica), Alpine marmot (Marmota marmota) and Mouflon a type of wild sheep (Ovis musimon) and at the opposite end of the scale, marine mammals such as Long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melaena), Bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus) and Striped Dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba).

There is also a large bat population with 27 species of bats currently known to live in Iberia. The Greater Noctule Bat (Nyctalus lasiopterus) has recently been the subject of studies as it is thought to be preying on small migrating birds that fly through the area of Doñana National park at night.

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